When comparing different types of electromagnetic waves, which of the following is true?

The statement regarding the relationship between wavelength and the energy and penetration of electromagnetic waves is fundamentally accurate. In the electromagnetic spectrum, different types of waves, such as radio waves, microwaves, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays, vary significantly in their wavelengths.

Shorter wavelengths correspond to higher frequencies and greater energy levels, which allows those waves to penetrate materials more effectively. For instance, X-rays, which have short wavelengths, possess high energy and can penetrate through soft tissues, making them essential in medical imaging. Conversely, longer wavelengths, such as those of radio waves, have less energy and are less penetrating. This distinction in energy and penetration capability is critical in understanding the practical applications of these waves, especially in fields like medicine and telecommunications.

The other options do not accurately represent the properties of electromagnetic waves. Although all electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, variations in their wavelengths and frequencies lead to differences in energy and penetration abilities. Therefore, recognizing that wavelength directly influences these properties is essential for understanding both the theoretical and practical implications of different types of electromagnetic radiation.